初中英語動副短語從初一到初三的所有動副短語及其 動副短語的用法

題目：

初中英語動副短語
從初一到初三的所有動副短語
及其 動副短語的用法

解答：

因爲大部分還是動詞+介詞搭配較多,這裡就一塊羅列一下吧.
初中的 動詞+介詞/副詞 :
account
account for
（tr）（爲某事）給出充分的理由,圓滿地解釋（某種行爲或某項支出）,做出交代：
A treasurer must account for the money he spends．
財務負責人必須對他支付的款項做出交代.
He has behavd in the most extraordinary way；I can’t account for hisactions at all／I can’t account for his behaving like that．
他的行爲極爲奇怪,我完全無法解釋他的行動／我無法爲他那樣的舉動做出解釋.
allow
allow for（tr）預先爲某事留有餘地,考慮到（常指某種額外的需要、支出、耽擱等）：
—It is 800 kilometres and I drive at 100 k．p．h．, so I』ll be there in eighthours．
—But you』ll have to allow for delays going through towns and for stopsfor refuelling．
—距離是800公里,而我的車速是每小時100公里,因此我八小時後可以到那裡.
—可是你得把通過市鎮和停車加油所耽擱的時間考慮進去.
Allowing for depreciation your car should be worth￡2,000 this timenext year．
如果考慮到折舊,你的車明年此時應當值2,000英鎊.
answer
answer back（intr）,answer somebody back反駁別人的責難,回嘴頂撞：
Father：Why were you so late last night? You weren’t in till2 a．m．
父親：你昨晚回家爲什麼這麼晚?你直到凌晨兩點鐘才回來.
Son：You should have been asleep．
兒子：那時候你本該睡著了.
Father：Don’t answer me back．Answer my question．
父親：別跟我頂嘴.回答我的問題.
ask
ask after/for somebody 探詢有關……的信息,（向第三者）問某人健康如何：
I met Tom at the party；he asked after you．
我在聚會上遇見了湯姆；他問你好.（問你健康如何／問你過得怎麼樣）
ask for
（a）尋找某人並想和他／她說話,要求見到某人：
Go to the office and ask for my secretary．
到辦公室去,找我的祕書.
（b）要求,索要：
The men asked for more pay and shorter hours．
工人們要求增加工資,減少工時.
ask someone in（賓語在in之前）請某人進來：
He didn’t ask me in；he kept me standing at the door while he read the message．
他沒有讓我進去；他逕自看那張條子,讓我站在門口等著.
ask someone out（賓語在out之前）請某人出去參加娛樂活動或吃飯（特別是在公衆地方吃飯）：
She had a lot of friends and was usually asked out in the evenings,so she seldom spent an evening at home．
她有很多朋友,晚上常被邀請外出,因此她晚上很少在家裡呆著.
back
back away（intr）慢慢地退回去（因爲遇到某種危險或不愉快的事）：
When he took a gun out everyone backd away nervously．
他拿出槍來時,大家都緊張地向後退去.
back out（intr）退出（某事先已同意的聯合行動）,停止或拒絕給予所允諾的幫助或支持：
He agreed to help but backed out when he found how difficult it was．
他本來同意給予幫助的,但在發現事情有多麼困難之後就打退堂鼓了.
back somebody up從道義上或行動上支持：
The headmaster never backed up his staff．（backed them up）If a parentcomplained about a teacher he assumed that the teacher was in thewrong．
校長從來不給教員們撐腰.凡是有家長給老師提意見時,他總是認爲一定是老師不對.
be
be against（tr）反對（常帶動名詞）：
I’m for doing nothing till the police arrive．／I’m against doing anythingtill the police arrive．
我贊成在警察來到以前不採取行動.／我反對在警察到來以前採取任何行動.
be away（intr）（至少有一個晚上）不在家,不在某地
be back（intr）在長期或短暫地離開之後回到原地：
—I want to see Mrs Pitt．Is she in?
—No,I’m afraid she’s out at the moment．／No,I’m afraid she’s awayfor the weekend．
—When will she be back?
—She』ll be back in half an hour/next week．
—我想見皮特夫人.她在嗎?
—不,恐怕她現在不在.／不,我想她外出度周末了.
—她什麼時候回來?
—她半小時後／下周回來.
be for（tr）贊成（常帶動名詞）
be in（intr）在家或在某個建築物內
be in for（tr）將要遇上（常跟某種令人不愉快的事）：
Did you listen to the weather forecast? I’m afraid we’re in for a bumpyflight．
你聽氣象預報沒有?恐怕我們這次航班要很顛簸.
If you think that the work is going to be easy you’re in for a shock．
如果你以爲這工作將容易,那麼你可要大吃一驚了.
be out（intr）短時間不在家／不在某個建築物里,但並不在外過夜
be over（intr）結束：
The storm is over now；we can go on．
暴風雨過去了；我們可以繼續走了.
be up（intr）起牀了：
Don’t expect her to answer the doorbell at eight o』clock on Sundaymorning．She won’t be up．
星期日早上8點鐘時,別指望她聽見門鈴響會來開門.她那時還沒有起牀呢.
be up to（tr）體力或智力足以……（賓語常用it,但也可用動名詞）：
After his illness the Minister continued in office though he was no longerup to the work/up to doing the work．
部長生病後繼續任職,但他已力不勝任了.
be up to something／some mischief／some trick／no good從事或忙於某種調皮的、不正道的或有害的事／搗鬼：
Don’t trust him；he is up to something／some trick．
別信他；他在搞鬼／在耍詭計.
The boys are very quiet．I wonder what they are up to．
男孩子們無聲無息了.我不知他們在搗什麼鬼.
注意：這裡up to的賓語常是某一很不確定的詞語,如上面例句所示.這個習語從來不與某一具體明確的事連用.
it is up to someone（常帶動詞不定式）此事是某人的職責：
It is up to the government to take action on violence．
採取行動對付暴力行爲,是政府職責所在.
I have helped you as much as I can． Now it is up to you．
我已盡我所能地幫助你了.現在該看你自己了.（你得靠自己的努力幹下去.）
bear
bear out（tr）證實,提供證明：
This report bears out my theory．（bears my theory out／bears it out）
這報告證實了我的理論.
bear up（intr）聽到壞消息仍能勇敢支撐,掩飾感情或憂傷：
The news of her death was a great shock to him but he bore up bravely and none of us realized how much he felt it．
她故去的消息對他來講是個打擊,但他勇敢地支撐著,我們誰也沒意識到他的感受該有多麼強烈.
blow
blow out（tr）吹熄：
The wind blew out the candle．（blew the candle out／blew it out）
風吹滅了蠟燭.
blow up（tr／intr）
（a）用爆炸的方法毀滅,爆炸,被毀：
They blew up the bridges so that the enemy couldn’t follow them．（blew the bridges up／blew them up）
他們炸毀了橋,好讓敵人不能追上他們.
Just as we got to the bridge it blew up．
我們剛到橋頭,橋就炸掉了.
（b）充氣,打氣,使膨脹：
The children blew up their balloons and threw them into the air．（ blew the balloons up／blew them up）
孩子們把氣球吹鼓了,扔向空中.
boil
boil away（intr）（液體）因沸騰而揮發完,熬干：
I put the kettle on the gas ring and then went away and forgot about it．
When I returned, the water had all boiled away and the flame had burnta hole in the kettle．
我把壺放在煤氣竈上,然後就走開把這事忘掉了.我回來時,水都燒乾了,火把壺底燒出了一個窟窿.
boil over（intr）（液體因沸騰而）溢到容器外面：
The milk boiled over and there was a horrible smell of burning．
牛奶潽了,燒糊的味道極爲難聞.
break
break down a door etc．用強力敲破或撞破：
The firemen had to break down the door to get into the burning house．
（break the door down/break it down）
消防員不得不破門而入以便到著火的房子裡邊去.
break down figures將一數目分別列在不同項目下以作進一步說明：
You say that 10,000 people use this library．Could you break that downinto age-groups?
你說有10,000人使用這所圖書館.你能否按年齡組將數字分解一下?（即說出有多少人是25歲以下的,有多少人是50歲以上的等等）
break down（intr）由於有缺陷或強度不夠而壞掉或不再正常運作：
（a）常指人暫時感情支持不住：
He broke down when telling me about his son’s tragic death．
他向我談到他兒子慘死的事時,不能自已了.（他失聲痛哭了.）
（b）指喪失精神上的抵抗力：
At first he refused to admit his guilt but when he was shown the evidencehe broke down and confessed．
起初他否認有罪,但給他看證據時,他招架不住而供認了.
（c）指身體健康狀況嚴重惡化：
After years of overwork his health broke down and he had to retire．
在多年勞累之後,他的身體垮了,只好退休.
（d）常指機器壞了：
The car broke down when we were driving through the desert and it tookus two days to repair it．
我們駕車橫越沙漠時,汽車壞了,花了兩天才修好.
（e）指交涉或談判的破裂：
The negotiations broke down because neither side would compromise．
因爲雙方都不肯妥協,談判破裂了.
break in（intr）, break into（tr）
（a）用暴力強行進入：
Thieves broke in and stole the silver．
竊賊破門而入,偷走了銀器.
The house was broken into when the owner was on holiday．
屋主外出度假時,有賊破門而入.
（b）突然說話打斷別人：
I was telling them about my travels when he broke in with a story of hisown．
我正在告訴他們我旅途中的事,他忽然插嘴講起他自己的故事來.
break in a young horse／pony etc．（tr）訓練（馬等）以供駕馭使用：
You cannot ride or drive a horse safely before he has been broken in．
在沒有把馬訓練好以前,不管騎它還是用它駕車都是不安全的.
break off（tr/intr）解開,破開,使分裂開或自己破裂開：
He took a bar of chocolate and broke off a bit．（broke a bit off/broke itoff）
他拿出一板巧克力,掰下了一小塊.
A piece of rock broke off and fell into the pool at the foot of the cliff．
一塊岩石斷裂開,掉到懸崖腳下的池塘里.
break off（tr）終止,停止,取消（常跟協議、協商或談判等）：
Ann has broken off her engagement to Tom．（broken her engagement off/broken it off）
安已經取消了同湯姆的婚約.
break off（intr）突然停止說話,突然住口：
They were in the middle of an argument but broke off when someonecame into the room．
他們正爭吵不休,但有人進屋時他們突然住口了.
break out（intr）
（a）開始,爆發（常用於諸如戰爭、流行病、火災等不好的事）：
War broke out on 4 Angust．
戰爭於8月4日爆發.
（b）用暴力方法從監獄等地逃出：
They locked him up in a room but he broke out．
他們把他鎖在一間屋裡,可是他強行逃出了.（砸開門跑掉了）
The police are looking for two men who broke out of prison last night．
警方正在搜捕昨天晚上越獄逃跑的兩名男子.
break up（tr／intr）（使）瓦解,（使）解體：
If that ship stays there she will break up／she will be broken up by thewaves．
那艘船如果停泊在那裡,就會破的／會被浪頭打散的.
The old ship was towed away to be broken up and sold as scrap．
那艘舊船被拖走以便拆散當廢鐵賣了.
Divorce breaks up a lot of families．（breaks families up／breaks them up）
離婚拆散了許多家庭.
break up（intr）（用於學校的學期、會議、聚會等）散會,放假：
The school broke up on 30 July and all the boys went home for the holi- days．
學校在7月30日放假了,男孩子們都回家度假去了.
The meeting broke up in confusion．
會議在一片混亂中散了.
bring
bring someone round（tr；賓語常位於round之前）
（a）說服某人接受以前所反對的建議：
After a lot of argument I brought him round to my point of view．
在爭辯了很久之後,我說服他轉念同意了我的看法.
（b）使恢復知覺：
She fainted with the pain but a little brandy soon brought her round．
她痛得昏厥了,但是一小點白蘭地很快使她恢復了知覺.
bring a person or thing round（tr；賓語常位於 round之前）把人或物帶到某人的住所去：
I have finished that book that you lent me； I』ll bring it round（to your house）tonight．
你借給我的書我已經看完了；我今晚上把它帶（到你家裡）來.
bring up（tr）
（a）教育培養兒童：
She brought up her children to be truthful．（brought her children up／brought them up）
她教導她的孩子們要真誠無欺.
（b）提起,談到：
At the last committee meeting,the treasurer brought up the question of raising the annual subscription．（brought the question up／brought it up）
委員會上一次開會時,財務主管提出了提高會員年費的問題.
burn
burn down（tr／intr）（完全）焚毀（指建築物）：
The mob burnt down the embassy．（burnt the embassy down／burnt it down）
亂民把大使館焚毀了.
The hotel burnt down before help came．
旅館在援助到來以前就燒毀了.
call
1 call走訪,拜訪
call at.走訪一個地方：
I called at the bank and arranged to transfer some money．
我到銀行去了一下,安排了款項過戶的事宜.
call for到一個地方去取物或接人：
I am going to a pop concert with Tom．He is calling for me at eightso I must be ready then．
我要和湯姆去聽流行歌曲音樂會.他8點鐘來接我,因此我必須屆時準備好.
Let’s leave our suitcases in the left luggage office and call for themlater on when we have the car．
咱們可以把行李存放在行李暫存處,等以後有車用時再來取.
call in（intr）同 look in和口語化的 drop in意思一樣,是來訪,來坐坐的意思：
Call in／Look in on your way home and tell me how the interviewwent．
你回家的路上來看我一下,告訴我面談進行得如何.
call on拜訪某人：
He called on all the housewives in the area and asked them to sign thepetition．
他走訪了這一地區的所有主婦,要求他們在請願書上簽名.
2 call for／in／on的其他意思
call for（tr）要求,需要（這裡的主語常是一個不用來指人的單詞或短語,如 the situation形勢／this sort of work這種工作/this此事等,賓語則常是一個表示某種性質的詞,如 courage勇氣／patience耐心／a steady hand穩當不抖的手）：
The situation calls for tact．
對付這一形勢要有策略.
You』ve got the job! This calls for a celebration．
你得到這份工作了!這需要慶祝一下.
但這裡也可以用一個用來指人的主語：
The workers are calling for strike action．
工人們正要求採取罷工行動.
The relations of the dead men are calling for an inquiry．
死者們的親屬要求調查真相.
call in a person／call a person in派人去找某人來／請某人來家服務（send for比call in更顯得主語權勢大,因此callin是更有禮貌的說法）：
It was too late to call in an electrician．（call an electrician in／call him in）
找電工來已太晚了.
There is some mystery about his death； the police have been calledin．
他的死有點兒蹊蹺；已經去找警察來了.
call on somebody（常帶動詞不定式）要某人做某事／要某人給予幫助（較爲正式的提出要求的方式,主要用於正式場合或演講中,意味著提出要求的人認爲所號召的事是另一人的責任）：
The president called upon his people to make sacrifices for the good oftheir country．
總統號召人民爲祖國的利益做出犧牲.
The chairman called on the secretary to read the minutes of the lastmeeting．
主席要求祕書朗讀上次會議的記錄.
3 call的其他詞組
call off（tr）取消尚未開始的事,放棄已在進行中的事：
They had to call off the match as the ground was too wet to play on．
（call the match off／call it off）
因爲場地太溼無法比賽,人們不得不取消這次比賽.
When the fog got thicker the search was called off．
霧愈來愈濃了,只得放棄了搜索.
call out（tr）召喚某人出來處理外面的事（常用於指隊被召集走出營房對付民衆騷亂）：
The police couldn’t control the mob so troops were called out．
警察無法控制亂民,因此出動了軍隊.
The Fire Brigade was called out several times on the night of 5 November to put out fires started by fireworks．
11月5日晚上,消防隊多次奉召出動,以撲滅因燃放焰火而引起的火災.
Doctors don’t much like being called out at night．
醫生們不太喜歡夜間出診.
call up（tr）
（a）征去服兵役：
In countries where there is conscription men are called up at the age of eighteen．（call up men／call men up／call them up）
在實行徵兵制的國家裡,18歲的男子要應徵服役.
（b）給……打電話：
I called Tom up and told him the news．（calld up Tom／called him up）
我給湯姆打電話,把消息告訴他了.
care
not to care about（tr）對……淡漠,不關心……：
The professor said that he was interested only in research；he didn’t really care about students．
教授說他只對研究感興趣；他並不真的關心學生.
care for（tr）
（a）喜歡（很少用於肯定句）：
He doen’t care for films about war．
他不喜歡戰爭影片.
（b）照看（除被動態外,較少使用）：
The house looked well cared for（=had been well looked after/was ingood condition）．
房子看起來照管得很好.
carry
carry on（intr）繼續（常指工作或職責）：
I can’t carry on alone any longer；I』ll have to get help．
我無法再一個人繼續下去了；我得找人幫忙.
carry on with（tr）與上用法相似：
The doctor told her to carry on with the treatment．
醫生告訴她應該繼續這種療法.
carry out（tr）履行（職責）,服從（命令）,執行（指令）,（把威脅要做的事）付諸行動：
You are not meant to think for yourself；you are here to carry out my or-ders．
你們的職責不是自己思考；叫你們來這裡是要你們執行我的命令.
The Water Board carried out their threat to cut off our water supply．
自來水公司董事會把他們的威脅付諸行動,停止供應我們水了.（他們威脅要這樣做,也真的這樣做了.）
He read the instructions but he didn’t carry them out．
他看了指示,但沒有遵照執行.
catch
catch up with（tr）,catch up（tr／intr）趕上但沒超過：
I started last in the race but I soon caught up with the others．（caught them up／cautht up）
我在賽跑中最後一個起跑,但不久就趕上了其他人.
You』ve missed a whole term；you』ll have to work hard to catch up withthe rest of the class．（catch them up／catch up）