初中英語常用固定搭配只需常用固定搭配

題目：

初中英語常用固定搭配
只需常用固定搭配

解答：

由動詞開頭構成的短語、詞組很多.複習時應分類處理：
一、動詞+介詞
1．look at…看…, look like … 看上去像……, look after …照料…
2．listen to…聽……
3．welcome to…歡迎到……
4．say hello to …向……問好
5．speak to…對……說話
此類短語相當於及物動詞,其後必須帶賓語,但賓語無論是名詞還是代詞,都要放在介詞之後.
二、動詞+副詞
「動詞+副詞」所構成的短語義分爲兩類：
A．動詞（vt.）+副詞
1．put on 穿上 2．take off脫下 3．write down記下
此類短語可以帶賓語,賓語若是名詞,放在副詞前後皆可；賓語若是人稱代詞,只能放在副詞的前面.
B．動詞（vi）+副詞.
1．come on趕快 2．get up起牀 3．go home回家
4．come in進來 5．sit down坐下 6．stand up起立
此類短語屬於不及物動詞,不可以帶賓語.
三、其它類動詞詞組
1.close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to work/class
4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper
7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games
10. play games
[介詞短語聚焦]
「介詞+名詞/代詞」所構成的短語稱爲介詞短語.現將Unitsl-16常用的介詞短語按用法進行歸類.
1．in+語言/顏色/衣帽等,表示使用某種語言或穿著…….
2．in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等,表示「在……排/隊/班級/年級」等.
3．in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示「在上午/下午/傍晚」等一段時間.
4．in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示「在書桌/鉛筆盒/臥室里」.
5．in the tree表示「在樹上 (非樹本身所有)」；on the tree表示「在樹上(爲樹本身所有)」.
6．in the wall表示「在牆上（凹陷進去）」；on the wall表示「在牆上（指牆的表面）」.
7．at work（在工作）/at school（上學）/at home（在家）應注意此類短語中無the.
8．at + 時刻表示鐘點.
9．like this/that表示方式,意爲「像……這/那樣」.
10．of短語表示所屬關係.
11．behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名詞等,表示方位、處所.
12．from與to多表示方向,前者意爲「從……」,後者意爲「到……」.
另外,以下這些短語也必須掌握.如：on duty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on one’s bike等.
[重點句型大回放]
1．I think…意爲「我認爲……」,是對某人或某事的看法或態度的一種句型.其否定式常用I don’t think…,
2．give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 意爲「把……給……」,動詞give之後可接雙賓語,可用這兩種句型；若指物的賓語是人稱代詞時,則只能用give it/ them to sb.
3．take sb./ sth. to…意爲「把……(送)帶到……」,後常接地點,也可接人.
4．One…, the other…/One is…and one is…意爲「一個是……；另一個是……」,必須是兩者中.
5．Let sb. do sth. 意爲「讓某人做某事」,人後應用不帶to的動詞不定式,其否定式爲Don’t let sb,do sth.,或Let sb. not do sth. 另外,Let’s 與Let us的含義不完全相同,前者包括聽者在內,後者不包括聽者在內,
6．help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意爲「幫助某人做某事」,前者用不定式作賓補,後者用介詞短語作賓補,二者可以互換.
7．What about…?/How about…?意爲「……怎麼樣?」是用來詢問或徵求對方的觀點、意見、看法等.about爲介詞,其後須接名詞、代詞或V-ing等形式.
8．It’s time to do…/ It’s time for sth. 意爲「該做……的時間了」,其中to後須接原形動詞,for後可接名詞或V-ing形式.
9．like to do sth./like doing sth.意爲「喜歡做某事」, 前一種句型側重具體的一次性的動作；後一種句型側重習慣性的動作,
10．ask sb.(not) to do sth. 意爲「讓某人(不要)做某事」,其中ask sb.後應接動詞不定式,
11．show sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 意爲「把某物給某人看」,該句型的用法同前面第2點.
12．introduce sb. to sb. 意爲「把某人介紹給另一人」；introduce to sb.則是「向某人作介紹」.
[重點短語快速複習]
1.kinds of 各種各樣的
2. either…or…或者……或者……,不是……就是……
3. neither…nor…既不……也不……
4. Chinese tea without, anything in it 中國清茶
5. take a seat 就坐
6. home cooking 家常做法
7. be famous for 因……而著名
8. on ones'way to在……途中
9. be sick/ill in hospital生病住院
10. at the end of在……的盡頭,在……的末尾
11. wait for 等待
12. in time 及時
13. make one’s way to…往……（艱難地）走去
14. just then 正在那時
15. first of all 首先,第一
16. go wrong 走錯路
17. be/get lost 迷路
18. make a noise 吵鬧,喧譁
19. get on 上車
20. get off 下車
21. stand in line 站隊
22. waiting room 候診室,候車室
23. at the head of……在……的前頭
24. laugh at 嘲笑
25. throw about 亂丟,拋散
26. in fact 實際上
27. at midnight 在半夜
28. have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得愉快
29. quarrel with sb. 和某人吵架
30. take one’s temperature 給某人體溫
31. have/get a pain in…某處疼痛
32. have a headache 頭痛
33. as soon as… 一……就……
34. feel like doing sth. 想要干某事
35. stop…from doing sth. 阻止……干某事
36. fall asleep 入睡
37. again and again再三地,反覆地
38. wake up 醒來,叫醒
39. instead of 代替
40. look over 檢查
41. take exercise運動
42. had better(not) do sth. 最好（不要）干某事
43. at the weekend 在周末
44. on time 按時
45. out of從……向外
46. all by oneself 獨立,單獨
47. lots of=a lot of 許多
48. no longer/more=not…any longer/more 不再
49. get back 回來,取回
50. sooner or later遲早
51. run away 逃跑
52. eat up 吃光,吃完
53. run after 追趕
54. take sth. with sb. 某人隨身帶著某物
55. take(good) care of…=look after…(well) （好好）照顧,照料
56. think of 考慮到,想起
57. keep a diary 堅持寫日記
58. leave one by oneself 把某人單獨留下
59. harder and harder 越來越厲害
60. turn on打開（電燈、收音機、煤氣等）
61. turn off 關
[重溫重點句型]
1．So + be／助動詞／情牽動詞／主語．
前面陳述的肯定情況也適於另一人（物）時,常用到這種倒裝結構,表示「另一人（物）也如此.」前面陳述的否定情況也適於另一人（物）時,常用「Neither/ Nor + be／助動詞／情態動詞+主語．」這種倒裝結構.
注意：「So+主語+be／助動詞／情態動詞．」這一句型常用於表示贊同,進一步肯定對方的看法,表示「的確如此.」「是呀.」
2．Turn right／left at the first／second／…crossing.
這一指路的句型意爲「在第一／二／……個十字路口向右／左拐.」相當於Take the first ／second／…turning on theright／left.
3．It takes sb．some time to do sth．
此句型表示「干某事花了某人一段時間.」其中的it是形式主語,後面的動詞不定式（短語）才是真正的主語.
4．…think／find + it + adj. + to do sth.
此句型中的it是形式賓語,不可用其它代詞替代,形容詞作賓語的補足語,後面的動詞不定式（短語）才是真正的賓語.
5．What’s wrong with…?
此句型相當於What’s the matter/ trouble with…?後跟某物作賓語時,意爲「某物出什麼毛病了?」後跟某人作賓語時,意爲「某人怎麼了?」
6．too…to…
在so…that…複合句中,that後的句子是否定句時,常與簡單句too…to…（太……而不能……）進行句型轉換.
在so…that…複合句中,that後的句子是肯定句時,常與簡單句…enough to…進行句型轉換.
7．Sorry to hear that.
全句應爲I’m sorry to hear that. 意爲「聽到此事我很難過（遺憾）.」常用於對別人的不幸表示同情、遺憾之意.
[重點句型、詞組大盤點]
1. She used to be a Chinese teacher. 她過去是一位漢語老師.
[用法] used to + 動詞原形,表示過去經常性的動作或存在的狀態,含有現在不再如此之意.
[搭配] used to do的否定式可以是usedn’t to do或didn’t use to do.
[比較] used to do sth. 過去常做某事；be/ get used to doing sth. 習慣於做某事；be used to do sth. 被用來做某事.
2.…return it sooner or later.
……遲早要將它歸還.
[用法] l)sooner or later意爲「遲早」、「早晚」.
2)return此處用作及物動詞,意爲「歸還」,相當於give back.
[拓展]return還可用作不及物動詞,意爲「返回」,相當於go back或come back.
3.No matter what the weather is like…無論天氣……
[用法]no matter what 相當於whatever,其意爲「無論什麼」,引導狀語從句.
[拓展]類似no matter what的表達方式還有：
no matter when無論什麼時候
nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;no matter where無論什麼地方
no matter who無論誰
no matter how 無論怎麼樣
4. A young man practised speaking English with Mr. Green.
一位年經人與格林先生練習講英語.
[用法]practise doing sth. 表示「實踐、練習（做）某事」.
[拓展]practice名詞,「實踐」、「實施」、「練習」；put a plan into practice實行某計劃.
5. He encouraged everyone to take part in protecting our lakes, rivers, seas and oceans.
他鼓勵大家參加保護我們的湖泊、河流和海洋的活動.
[用法]1)encourage用作動詞,意思是「鼓勵」、「支持」.
2)take part in「參加」,常表示參加活動.
3)protect 是動詞,表示「防禦」、「保護」.
[搭配]1)encourage sb. in sth.在某事上鼓勵或支持某人
nbsp;encourage sb. to do sth.鼓勵某人干某事
2)protect sh. from sth.使某人不受某事侵襲或傷害
6. …to warn people about sharks in the water. ……警告人們當心水裡的鯊魚.
[用法] warn用作動詞,意思是「警告」、「警戒」.
[搭配]1)warn sb.+ that從句
2)warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事
3)warn sb. to do sth.告誡某人做某事
4)warn sb. against(doing) sth.告誡某人當心某事/不要做某事
常用動詞短語
1.have: have a cold\cough\fever\headache\pain have a great effect on
have a good time have a match\meeting\discussion had better do sth
have no choice but to do sth have a rest have on
2.make: make a promise make a decision make room for make sense make use of make a face make an effort to do sth make a living make up one’s mind to do sth make a mistake make a noise make a speech make an apology make it a rule
make it make into make…out of… make up
make of make from make a call
3.take: take a seat take a message for take an interest in
take off take on (a new look) take over take steps to do
take some measures to do sth take care take charge take part in
take place take the place of take turns to do sth take medicine
take up
4. go: go cold go hungry be gone go dad want a go
go skating\fishing\shopping\swimming go on doing sth go on to do sth go on with sth go down go well go head go out
go over go against go without go on a picnic go through
5.get: get down to doing sth get hurt\married\dressed\caught
get over get off get ready for get up get in get through get on well with get together get in to the habit of doing
get used to doing sth get rid of get tired of
6.put: put on put forward put off put out
put up put on weight put away put down
7.play: play an important part in play an important role in
play football play the piano
8.keep: keep back keep in touch with keep off keep out
keep one’s promise keep up keep up with keep sb from doing
keep on doing keep order
9.give: give away give out give off give up
give in give some advice on… give a talk on sth give first aid
10.come: come about come across come on come out
come to oneself come true come up
11.bring: bring down bring in bring up bring along
12.break: break down break out break away from
break up break into break off break in
13.turn: turn down turn to sb turn into turn off turn in turn over turn against turn away turn on
turn up turn out to…
14.look: look out look up look down upon look after
look at look for look around look over look as if
look forward to doing sth look back upon look into look on
15.do: do sb a favour do up do one’s hair do a good deed do wrong
1.弄清詞語自身結構用法學生做題時往往僅限於依據詞語的中文含義,簡單對照.這樣就造成了許多中文正確,而英語結構上的錯誤.如「允許某人干某事」,allow sb to do sth,而不可用做agree sb to do sth.「同意干某事」說allow doing sth.而agree卻應爲agree to do sth.再如:「希望某人去干某事」expect sb to do sth.不可說爲hopesbtodosth.「建議某人去干某事」,說advise sb to do.就不可說是suggest sb to do sth.這是根據動詞自身的基本用法而決定的.這些更需要學習中不斷積累.
下面是一些常用動詞的不同結構用法：
A.以下動詞與不定式連用即afford to do sth .afford,agree,appear,arrange,ask,attempt,care,claim,dare,decide,demand,desire,determine,expect,failhappen,
help,
hope,intend,learn,man-age,mean,need,offer,plan,pretend,promise,refuse,seem,used,want,wish
B.以下動詞與動名詞連用即admit doing sth admit,advise,allow,appreciate,avoid,can’t help,consider,delay,dreamof,enjoy,escape,excuse,feellike,finish,forbid,giveup,imagine,insiston,keep,mind,miss,
order,persistin,practice,putoff,request,require,risk,stand,stop,suggest
C.以下動詞與不定式複合結構連用即advise sb to do sth.advise,allow,ask,beg,callon,cause,consider,dependon,encourage,expect,find,force,get,hate,instruct,invite,like,
long for,need,oblige,permit,persuade,prefer,remind,request,require,suppose,waitfor,warn,etc.let,have,make,(使役動詞後的不定式去掉to)see,watch,observe,notice,look at,hear,listen to,feel(感官動詞後的不定式去掉to)
常用動詞短語
1.have: have a cold\cough\fever\headache\pain have a great effect on
have a good time have a match\meeting\discussion had better do sth
have no choice but to do sth have a rest have on
2.make: make a promise make a decision make room for make sense make use of make a face make an effort to do sth make a living make up one’s mind to do sth make a mistake make a noise make a speech make an apology make it a rule
make it make into make…out of… make up
make of make from make a call
3.take: take a seat take a message for take an interest in
take off take on (a new look) take over take steps to do
take some measures to do sth take care take charge take part in
take place take the place of take turns to do sth take medicine
take up
4. go: go cold go hungry be gone go dad want a go
go skating\fishing\shopping\swimming go on doing sth go on to do sth go on with sth go down go well go head go out
go over go against go without go on a picnic go through
5.get: get down to doing sth get hurt\married\dressed\caught
get over get off get ready for get up get in get through get on well with get together get in to the habit of doing
get used to doing sth get rid of get tired of
6.put: put on put forward put off put out
put up put on weight put away put down
7.play: play an important part in play an important role in
play football play the piano
8.keep: keep back keep in touch with keep off keep out
keep one’s promise keep up keep up with keep sb from doing
keep on doing keep order
9.give: give away give out give off give up
give in give some advice on… give a talk on sth give first aid
10.come: come about come across come on come out
come to oneself come true come up
11.bring: bring down bring in bring up bring along
12.break: break down break out break away from
break up break into break off break in
13.turn: turn down turn to sb turn into turn off turn in turn over turn against turn away turn on
turn up turn out to…
14.look: look out look up look down upon look after
look at look for look around look over look as if
look forward to doing sth look back upon look into look on
15.do: do sb a favour do up do one’s hair do a good deed do wrong