英語翻譯2 中國民族服飾語言的特性 以研究人類原始思維著稱於世的法國文化人類學家列維•布留爾認爲原始人的邏輯

題目：

英語翻譯
2 中國民族服飾語言的特性
以研究人類原始思維著稱於世的法國文化人類學家列維•布留爾認爲原始人的邏輯思維「它首先是和主要是服從『互滲律』」.所謂『互滲律』,布留爾認爲是指：「在原始人的思維的集體表象中,客體存在物、現象能夠以我們不可思議的方式同時是它們自身,又是其他什麼東西.它們以差不多同時發展和接受那些在它們以外被感覺的、繼續留在它們裡面的神祕力量、能力、性質、作用」.
在「互滲律」的泛比附、泛作用意識的影響下,經過不同環境裡的生滅流變,使其自然而然地會超出原型因素自在的、固有的意義,延伸出種種神祕的意義來.尤其是那些代表民族並負有保護意義的符號、圖騰事物,在人們的意識中其神祕意義必然會延伸得更遠,使它離開自然原型的本體,而成爲人們的精神創造物.
整個中華民族的服飾文化,蘊藏著很深的歷史積澱與極爲神祕的歷史傳說,因此研究民族服飾不但要從造型、色彩、工藝入手,還要了解其文化內涵,了解衆多形象的內在意義.正是這些內在的精神和外在的形式一起構成了各民族服飾的風格.苗族的服裝和刺繡最能代表該民族的特徵.在苗族的服飾刺繡圖案里,不僅有記述人類起源神化內容的「蝴蝶媽媽」圖案和苗族祖先從母系發展至父系時代的「姜央射日月」等圖案,更有追述苗族先民悲壯遷徙史的「黃河」、「長江」、「平原」、「城池」、「洞庭湖」、「駿馬飛渡」等主題圖案,沒有哪一個民族像苗族這樣將圖案作爲史書,深切地表述歷史.這些特徵構成風格的基本元素,是整體中的部分,可以分解、提煉.
類似如此的象徵符號,在民族及民間藝術和服飾中被廣泛採用,最常見的有古錢、龜、元寶、龍、鳳等吉祥圖案,大都超越了原型事物的直觀具象和本來意義,而分別成爲人們企圖實現某種神聖願望的工具,是人們精神在世界的形象表達.因此,它們的單個或組合形象,便作爲一種負載人生理想的象徵.正如美學家萊辛所說：「藝術家在用象徵符號來裝飾一個形體時,他就把它從一個單純的形體提高到一種較高尚的人物」.我們可以這樣認爲,在象徵符號形象即使是非人的形象中,其深處蘊涵的是人性而不是物性的精神.
服飾中的民族元素可以分爲硬體元素和軟體元素.硬體元素是視覺形象化的,如滿族服飾中的高底旗鞋、「巴魯圖」坎肩；蒙古族服飾中的寬袍闊帶、鑲花軟皮靴；苗族服飾中的重疊百褶大裙；西藏風格中的藏面具、色彩瑰麗的圍裙等等；軟體元素是指服飾中內涵的精神,是無形的元素,是在特定文化環境中人類社會發展所積澱下來的觀念.幾千年的古代中國文明有著其獨特的精神傳統,各民族雖然有其自己的倫理觀念、宗教信仰,但儒學所提倡的規範、中庸態度及嚴謹、秩序的追求,道家所提倡的返樸歸真,「天人合一」的自然觀對中國民族服飾的平面結構形式、裝飾風格的影響,都可視爲無形的內在精神傳統.了解硬體元素和軟體元素之間的關係,以利於中國民族服飾元素的提煉、加工,而不是簡單的重複舊的民族服飾,最終創造新的風格.

解答：

2 Chinese nationality clothing language characteristic Studies the human primitive thought world-famous France cultureanthropologist to arrange in order the Uygur cloth to keep you tothink 原始人 the logical thinking "it first is and mainly is obeys' mutually infiltrates the law '".So-called ' mutually infiltratesthe law ',the cloth keeps you to think is refers:"In 原始人 thethought collective representation,the object 存在物,thephenomenon can by our inconceivable way simultaneously be theironeself,also is other any things.They by almost simultaneouslydevelop and accept these to feel outside them,continue to remaininside them the mystical strength,the ability,the nature,thefunction ".In "mutually infiltrates the law" exudes 比附,exudes the functionconsciousness under the influence,passes through in the differentenvironment to live extinguishes changes,causes it naturally to beable to surpass the prototype factor to be comfortable,the inherentsignificance,extends all sorts of mystical significances.Inparticular these and have the protection significance on behalf of thenationality the mark,the totem thing,its mystical significanceinevitably can extend in people's consciousness far,enable it toleave the natural prototype main body,but becomes people's spirit創造物.The entire Chinese nation's clothing culture,contains the very deephistory to accumulate with the extremely mystical historical fable,therefore the research nationality clothing not only must from themodelling,the color,the craft obtain,but also must understand itscultural connotation,the understanding multitudinous image intrinsicsignificance.Was precisely these intrinsic spirits and the externalform constituted various national clothing style together.Miaonationality's clothing and the embroidery most can represent thisnational the characteristic.In Miao nationality's clothing embroiderydesign,not only has records the origin of man deification content"butterfly mother" the design and the Miao nationality ancestor auntis "Jiang Yang shoots the livelihood" the development to the paternalline time and so on the design,has recounted the Miao nationalityancients solemnly and stirringly move the history "Yellow River","Yangtze River","the plain","the city","Dongting Lake","the steedfly cross" and so on the subject design,which nationality doesn'thave to take like this like the Miao nationality the design thehistory book,sincerely indicates the history.These characteristicconstitution styles fundamental elements,are in the whole parts,maydecompose,the refinement.The similar like this symbolic mark,is widely used in the nationalityand the folk art and the clothing,most common has the ancient coin,the turtle,the silver piece,the dragon,the phoenix and so on thepropitious design,mostly had surmounted the prototype thingdirect-viewing embodiment and the original significance,butseparately becomes the people to attempt to realize some kind ofsacred desire tool,is the people spirit in the world imageexpression.Therefore,they individually or the combination image,then take one kind of load life ideal symbol.Just like 美學家Lessing said that,"The artist when uses the symbolic mark decorates aphysique,he on it from a pure physique enhances to one kind of noblercharacter".We may believe like this,in symbolic mark image even if是非人 in the image,its deep place contains is the human naturebut is not the natural spirit.In the clothing national element may divide into the hardware elementand the software element.The hardware element is the visualvisualization,like in Manchu nationality clothing Gao Deqi shoes,"Pakistan Lu chart" sleeveless jacket; In the Mongolian nationalityclothing wide gown extravagant belt,inlays the flowered soft leatherboots; In the Miao nationality clothing overlaps hundred pleats bigskirts; Tibet in style Tibet mask,color magnificent apron and so on;The software element is refers to in the clothing the connotationspirit,is the invisible element,is idea which the human societydevelops in the specific cultural environment accumulates down.Several millenniums ancient times China civilizations have its uniquespiritual tradition,various nationalities although have its ownethics idea,the religious belief,but the Confucianism advocated thestandard,the doctrine of the mean manner and are rigorous,the orderpursue,returns plain returns to original condition,"the beauty whichTaoism advocated gathers one" natural view to Chinese nationalityclothing planar structure form,decoration style influence,allvisible for invisible intrinsic spiritual tradition.Understoodbetween the hardware element and the software element relations,favorthe Chinese nationality clothing element the refinement,theprocessing,but is not the national clothing which simple restores oldways again,finally creates the new style.